Emergency governor



Apnl 551927' J. wlLKlNsoN EMERGENCY GOVERNOR y// Filed Oct. 5. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheetl ffy.' 1.

- In Veno/ James MVK/neon,

IWI MIMI* 1,623,822 Apnl '5 1927' J. WILKINSON l EMERGENCY GOVERNOR Fild oct. 5. 1925 2 sheets-sheet z dlr - MIN I fn Vento/,- g James MWAinso/v,

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Patented Apr. 5, 1927.

UNITED STATES 1,623,822 PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES WILKINSON, OF LYNNFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELEC- TRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

EMERGENCY GOVERNOR.

Application filed October 5, 1925. Serial No. 60,368.

The present invention relates to emergency governors such as are used in Connect-ion with elastic iuid turbines for example, and which function in case of overspeed of the turbine to effect shutting off' of the supply of actuating. fluid to the turbine.

In connection with such governors, it is desirable to provide means whereby they can be tested from time to time to determine their operative condition, and this without overspeeding the machine, and the object of my invent-ion is to provide an improved construction and arrangement for accomplishing this result.

For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the accompanying description and the claims appended thereto.

In the drawing Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of an elastic fluid turbine provided with an emergency governor embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional plan View of the emergency governor; Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 3 3, Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a sectional View taken on line 4 4, Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5, Fig. 3. p

Referring to the drawing, 1 indicates an elastic Huid turbine of any suitable type. 2 indicates the shaft of t-he turbine, 3 the conduit through which elastic fluid is supplied t'o the turbine and 4 a combinedtrip and throttle valve located in conduit 3. The combined trip and throttle valve may be of any suitable type, it being essential only that it close automatically when the turbine governorI operates to trip it. In the present instance, a valve of known t-ype is indicated, the same being held open'by a latch Latch 5 is connected by a rod 6 to a bell crank lever 7 pivoted on a frame 8. Connected to bell crank lever 7 is a plunger pin 9 which rests on the upper end of a pivoted trip finger 10. On plunger pin 9 is a collar 11 between which and a wall 12 is arranged a spring 13 which acts in a direction to force pin 9 downward. The pin 9 is normally held in its upward position by trip linger and in this position latch 5 holds valve 4 open. The outer end of trip finger 10 extends down into proximity to shaft 2 and is adapted to be engaged by the emergency governor and turned on its pivot, thereby moving it from under plunger pin 9. When moved from under plunger pm 9, spring 13 forces the plunger pm downward, turning bell crank 7 on its pivot and through rod 6 moving catch 5 to ,l

emergency valve and permit it 17 which fits recess 15, the recess thus form- *A ing a cylinder in which piston 17 moves. 18 indicates a stop for piston 17. At the outer end of recess is a flange 19 against which rests a guide 2O for the outer end of member 16. (Jruide 20 has a threaded portion 21 upon which is a nut 22. Located between nut 22and a flange 23 on piston 17 is a compression spring 24. Spring 24 serves to bias piston 17 against stop 18 and to hold plunger member 16 against outward movement. By adjusting nut 22 on threaded portion 21 the tension of spring' 24 may be adjusted. The plunger member 16 has its center of gravity to the right hand side of the axis of shaft 2 as seen in Fig.'2 so that when the shaft is rotating centrifugal force tends to move plunger member 16 outward. The compression of spring 24 is such that at normal speed of the shaft it holds plunger member 16 from movement l but in case of overspeed the centrifugal force overcomes spring 24 and moves plunger member 16 outward. When this occurs the end of plunger member 16 strikes trip finger 10 to effect closing of the emergency valve.

Beneath piston 17 and surrounding stop 13 is a chamber 25 which is connected by an axially and radially extending passage 26 to a scoop 27 formed on enlarged portion 14 at one side of recess 15. Surrounding enlarged portion 14 in the. plane of scoop 27 is a wall 28 having an annular groove 29 in its inner surface which groove opens directly toward enlarged portion 14. Scoop vao 27 projects into groove 29 and rotates therein when shaft 2 is rotating. Connected to groove 29 are one or more supply pipes 30, two being shown in the present instance, placed 1800 apart. These pipes extend tangentially to groove 29 and are adapted to discharge a liquid such as oil into groove 2S). 'ihey are shown as beingconnected to a suitable supply pipe 31 which may lead from any suitable source of fluid pressure, ordinarily, the fluid used in the case of elastic fluid turbines is oil,-the pipe 31 then connecting with the pressure lubricating system for the turbine. ln pipe d1 is a valve l2 which is normally closed but which may be opened by mf ins of hand lever llormally valve is closed so that no liquid is being supplied to groove 29. ln enlarged member lll is an axially extending port 3a which is normally covered by piston 17.

Yhen the turbine is running under normal operatii'ig conditions, valve 32 is closed already stated and the emergency governor rotates with the shaft in the usual manner, scoop 27 revolving in groove 29. ln case of excess speed of the turbine, plunger member 16 will fly outward to strike trip finger 10 and effect closing of the emergency valve in the usual and well understood manner.

llilhen it is desired to test the emergency governor, lever is depressed to open valve 32 to supply liquid to annular groove 29. Scoop 27 thereupon catches liquid from groove 2i) and forces it through passage 26 to chamber 25 to build up a pressure therein which acts on piston 17 thereby forcing plunger member 16 outward against the action of spring 24- and effecting tripping of the emergency governor.

Referring particularly to Fig. 3, it will be noted that the liquid supplied to groove 29 enters it tangentially in a direction opposite to that in which shaft 2 rotates. The liquid enters the groove with considerable velocity. Since the open end of the scoop moves in a direction opposite to the direction of flow of the liquid, the speed of the rotation of the shaft is added to the velocity of the liquid in forcing liquid through pas- 26. lilith this arrangement, pressure will be built up quickly under piston 17. By providing two supply pipes 3() arranged 1800- apart, liquid will be supplied continuously to the scoop. ln Fig. 3 of the drawing the scoop is shown as having just passed the lower pipe 30 and as having scooped the liquid out of the upper portion of groove 29. ln the meantime, the lower portion of the groove has become filled from the upper pipe 30 and as the shaft rotates it will scoop up this liquid. Vhile this is taking place lower pipe 30 will again fill the upper portion of the groove as seen in Fig. 3, so that when scoop 27 passes the upper pipe El() it will strike the liquid which in the meantime has entered the upper portion of the groove from the lower pipe 80.

TWhen piston 17 and plunger member 1G move outward, port 34 is uncovered. rlhe liquid under piston 17 can thereupon flow rapidly through the space beneath piston 17 serving to flush out any sediment which may have collected therein.

As soon as the governor has operated, valve 32 is closed. the liquid under piston 17 thereupon flows out through passage 25e, permitting pressure under the piston to escape quickly and the plunger member to return to its normal position.

By the above described arrangement, l provide an emergency governor testing arrangement which is comparatively simple in structure and reliable in operation, and one which can be readily applied to existing types of emergency governors.

ln accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, rtogether with the apparatus which l now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustraive and that the invention may be carried out by other means.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States isz- 1. The combination with a shaft of an elastic fluid turbine, of an emergency governor comprising means carried by the shaft which provides a recess extending transversely of the shaft, a plunger in said recess, said plunger having a portion which its the bore of the recess, and means for supplying fluid under pressure to said recess, while the shaft is rotating, comprising a stationary wall which defines an annular groove, a scoop carried by the shaft which scoop moves in said groove as the shaft rotates, a conduit which connects the scoop to said recess, and means for supplying fluid to said groove.

2, The combination with a shaft and an emergency governor carried by it comprising a plunger member, of means for applying fluid pressure to the plnnger member to e'ect movement of it, said means comprising a stationary wall adjacent the shaft, said wall being provided with an annular groove to which fluid is supplied, a scoop carried by the shaft and adapted to pass` through said groove as the shaft rotates and to take up fluid therefrom, and a conduit for conveying said fluid from said scoop to the plunger.

3. lEhe combination with a shaft and an emergency governor llcarried thereby comprising a radially movable member, of means for applying fluid pressure to the movable member to eflect movement of it, said means comprising a scoop carried by the shaft and movable therewith in an annular path of movement, a conduit for conveying fluid from the scoop to the movable member, and means for supplying fluid to said scoop, throughout its annular path of movement.

4t. The combination with a shaft and an emergency governor carried by it comprising a plunger member, of means for applying fluid pressure to the plunger member to ef't'ect movement of it, said means comprising a stationary wall adjacent the shaft, said wall being provided with an annular groove, a scoop carried by the shaft and adapted to pass through Said 'groove as the shaft rotates, a conduit for conveyingl fluid from said scoop to the plunger, and means for supplying liquid to said groove in a direction opposite to that in which the shaft rotates, throughout thelength of the groove.

5. The combination with a rotatable shaft and a fluid pressure actuated member carried thereby, of means for transmitting fluid. pressure thereto while the shaft is rotating, said means comprising a fluid collecting member carried by the shaft, which member moves in an annular path as the shaft rotates and in the same direction therewith, means for directing fluid into the path of said member and in an opposite direction to its movement therein, and a self-closing valve controlling the delivery of fluid to said directing means.

6. The combination with a rotatable shaft and a movable member carried thereby, of means for applying fluid pressure to said member to move it whilet-he shaft is rotating, said means comprising a conduit means in the shaft for conveying fluid against the movable member, a fluid collecting member carried by the shaft, which member moves in an annular path as the shaft rotates and in the same direction therewith, means for directing a plurality of streams of fluid into the path of the collecting member in an opposite direction to that in which the member moves, and a self-closing valve controlling the fluid flow through said directing means. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this first day of October, 1925.

JAMES WILKINSON. 

